Description of Test
This is the same version of the Ravens Matrices test that was used in the 14 Year study.
This test consists of a series of incomplete patterns ("matrices"); in each case, the twin is asked to identify the missing part of the pattern. The twin does this by clicking on one of 8 possible missing parts. The patterns and missing parts are shown in full in the table of test items below.
The test is divided into 4 sub-tests or sections, labelled C, D, E and F. Sub-tests C, D and E each consist of 6 items, numbered 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 (even-numbered items from the original version of the test were dropped); sub-test F consists of all 12 original items (numbered 1 to 12). Hence there are 30 items in total. A twin may be presented with fewer than 30 items, because of the discontinue rule (described below). The sub-tests are presented in sequence (C then D then E then F). The discontinue rule applies independently within each sub-test, as described below.
Test Rules
Item Variables
The item variables relating to the Raven's test, as listed in the table below, were generated automatically by programs on the web server during the course of the test. Note that the dataset only includes data for successfully completed tests. If a twin started the test but left it unfinished, then the data for the test were not used. For twins identified as random responders in this test, all test data were deleted.
In most cases the values of these variables have been left unaltered, although some have been recoded during data cleaning:
Variables |
Explanation |
Values |
pcrvstat1/2 |
Status flag: outcome of test |
0=not started, 1=started but not finished, 2=successfully completed, 4=random responses |
pcrvdata1/2 |
Data flag: is test data present? |
0=no, 1=yes |
pcrvtot1/2 |
Total score for this test, out of 30. |
0 to 30 (integer values) |
pcrvquan1/2 |
Number of questions answered in the test |
12 to 30 (integer values) |
pcrvstdt1/2 |
Start date of the test |
Date values |
pcrvsttm1/2 |
Start time of the test |
Time values |
pcrvendt1/2 |
End date of the test |
Date values |
pcrventm1/2 |
End time of the test |
Time values |
pcrvsess1/2 |
Number of sessions (at the computer) used by the twin to complete the test. |
Integer values of 1 or above |
pcrvtmel1/2 |
Total time elapsed during the test, in seconds |
Integer values (number of seconds) |
pcrvXYYan1/2 |
Item response (picture number selected, as tabulated below) |
1 to 8 (integer values), or -2=discontinued, -4=item crashed |
pcrvXYYsc1/2 |
Item score (see table of items below for details) |
0=incorrect, 1=correct |
pcrvXYYat1/2 |
Answer time: length of time (in seconds) taken by the twin to respond to this item |
Integer values (number of seconds) |
pcrvXYYdt1/2 |
Download time: length of time (in seconds) between the end of the previous item and the start of this item; time needed to download files for this item |
Integer values (number of seconds) |
pcrvXYYor1/2 |
Order or sequence of this item in the test; dependent on the discontinue rule in each sub-test |
Integer values (1 to 30) |
Test Items
The numbering of the items, shown in the table below, equates to the numbering used in the item variables. The order in which items are presented in this table is the same as the order in which items are presented to the twins in the test, subject to the discontinue rule (see test rules above).
item | correct response | picture |
---|---|---|
C1 | 8 | |
C3 | 3 | |
C5 | 7 | |
C7 | 5 | |
C9 | 7 | |
C11 | 1 | |
D1 | 3 | |
D3 | 3 | |
D5 | 8 | |
D7 | 5 | |
D9 | 1 | |
D11 | 5 | |
E1 | 7 | |
E3 | 8 | |
E5 | 1 | |
E7 | 1 | |
E9 | 3 | |
E11 | 4 | |
F1 | 7 | |
F2 | 2 | |
F3 | 7 | |
F4 | 5 | |
F5 | 6 | |
F6 | 5 | |
F7 | 4 | |
F8 | 8 | |
F9 | 5 | |
F10 | 1 | |
F11 | 3 | |
F12 | 2 |